Story maps
故事地圖
Attention to Rabies 惡犬出沒注意
©2010 SpatioEpi.com
Data source: World Health Organization (WHO)
Map created by CUHK SpatioEpi Group
World Rabies Day on 28th of September aims to raise awareness of the impact, prevention and elimination of human and animal rabies, which kills about 55000 people per year all over the world.
The map shows the occurrence of rabies worldwide in 2007. As depicted by graduated colours, rabies was present in most countries, except for some in Northern Europe, along the Mediterranean coast or islands. The dog symbols indicate the highest number of annual reported rabies human deaths recorded between 2002 and 2006. From the map, the majority of rabies human deaths occurred in Asia and Africa, where post-exposure treatment was costly and inadequate.
Data for this map were obtained from World Health Organization.
全球每年約有五萬五千人死於瘋狗症〈又名狂犬病〉。九月二十八日的世界狂犬病日，旨在提高公眾對人類及動物瘋狗症的影響、預防及根除措施的認識。
地圖顯示二零零七年全球瘋狗症的分佈情況。依圖中顏色所示，除了一些位於北歐、地中海沿岸或島上的國家外，大部分國家均發現瘋狗症病例。另外，狗形圖案標示全球各國於二零零二至零六年間因人類瘋狗症而死亡的最高年度數目。要預防病毒傳播，接觸瘋狗症動物後需要接受治療。由於費用昂貴且服務不足夠，促使非洲及亞洲各國的人類瘋狗症死亡個案報告高企。
地圖數據源自世界衛生組織。
Related Article
Rabies 瘋狗症
What is rabies? 什麼是瘋狗症？
Rabies is an acute infection of the central nervous system caused by the rabies virus. Rabies starts with flu-like symptoms including fatigue, headache and fever, followed by anxiety, confusion, hypersalivation, hydrophobia, inspiratory muscle spasms, paralysis and coma. Incubation period usually lasts for 3 to 8 weeks.
Once symptoms of rabies appear, the disease is almost always fatal.
瘋狗症是一種由瘋狗症病毒引起的急性中樞神經系統感染，感染初期病徵與流感相似，包括疲倦、頭痛及發燒，及後出現焦慮、神志不清、唾液分泌過多、畏水、咽喉肌肉痙攣、癱瘓及昏迷。潛伏期一般為3至8個星期。
當瘋狗症病癥出現後，患者一般難以救活。
How does it spread? 如何傳播？
The rabies virus is transmitted to susceptible humans after being bitten, scratched or licked by an infected animal. The virus enters human body through contact of the saliva of the rabid animal and the wound. Dogs are the main carrier of rabies and responsible for most of the human rabies deaths worldwide. Other possible carriers include cats, bats, raccoons, foxes, skunks and coyotes. Transmission from person to person has not been documented.
假如被感染瘋狗症的動物咬傷、抓傷或舐過傷口，病毒可透過傷口及動物唾液的接觸進入人體，做成感染。狗隻是瘋狗症的主要攜帶者，亦是導致全球大部分人類瘋狗症死亡個案的原因。除狗隻以外，貓隻、蝙蝠、浣熊、狐狸、臭鼬及野狼都可傳染瘋狗症。至今尚未有人傳人個案紀錄。
Vaccine? Prevention? 如何預防？
Though human rabies is incurable, prompt appropriate medical care, including wound cleansing and receiving anti-rabies immunization after exposure to suspect animals, is effective in preventing death. High risk individuals such as veterinarian and wildlife conservation personnel are advised to receive pre-exposure vaccination. Vaccination of dogs has also been shown to be effective in reducing the number of human rabies cases.
雖然人類瘋狗症無法治癒，但可透過及時與適當的治療防止疑受感染患者死亡。在與疑似受感染動物接觸後，應盡快清洗和消毒傷口，並接受注射預防瘋狗症疫苗，均可有效防止瘋狗症病發。獸醫及野生動物保護員等高危人士則應於接觸動物前接受疫苗注射。另外，為狗隻注射瘋狗症疫苗亦有效減低人類患瘋狗症的風險。
Related maps 相關地圖
Other resources 其他資訊
Organisations 有關機構
Further information 詳細資料
- Rabies, CDC
- Rabies, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, HKSAR
- Rabies, WHO
- World Rabies Day