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The World Health Organization declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in July 2022, which ended in May 2023 after sustained decline of outbreaks internationally. Before the end of the PHEIC, the main mpox virus (MPXV) dominating the epidemics belonged to clade II.

In the year that followed, there has been an upsurge of mpox cases and rapid spread of MPXV clade I in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and its neighbouring countries. The WHO declared mpox a PHEIC in August 2024, for the second time. The map shows the time of the last reported cases by country. Countries in blue had their last cases reported in June 2022 – May 2023 (before the first PHEIC ended), green with last cases reported in June 2023 – July 2024, and orange for countries that remained active in reporting cases after the second PHEIC declaration.

The mpox cases in the African continent included clade I and clade II, which were mainly transmitted through direct contact with infected person, animals or contaminated objects. Cases reported in countries outside the African continent belonged to clade II, which were mainly sexually transmitted. In August to October 2024, imported clade I cases were identified in five countries (Sweden, Thailand, India, United Kingdom, and Germany). In November 2024, an imported clade I mpox case was reported in the United States also. No locally acquired clade I case has been reported in these countries so far.

Mpox vaccines are currently available in many places around the world, including Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Denmark, France, Canada, and United States. To prevent mpox virus infection and control the epidemic effectively, individuals at higher risk of exposure are highly recommended to receive vaccination.

Data for map were from World Health Organization (WHO).

世界衞生組織於2022年7月宣佈猴痘疫情為國際關注的公共衛生緊急事件 (PHEIC)，直至國際疫情持續下降，於2023年5月宣佈結束。期間，主要報告病例是猴痘病毒進化枝II。

隨後，由於剛果民主共和國猴痘病例激增，及猴痘病毒進化枝I 迅速蔓延於國內及其鄰國，世界衞生組織於2024年8月再次宣佈猴痘疫情為PHEIC。地圖上顯示了每個國家最後報告猴痘個案時間。藍色系列表示最後報告時間為2022年6月至2023年5月(第一次PHEIC結束前)，綠色系列表示2023年6月至2024年7月，橙色系列則是在第二次PHEIC開始後仍然有病例的國家。

非洲大陸猴痘報告病例包括進化枝I及II，主要通過直接接觸受感染的人、動物或受污染的物件傳播。非洲大陸以外的國家猴痘報告病例屬於進化枝II，一般是通過性接觸傳播。但在2024 年8 月至10 月期間，有五個國家（瑞典、泰國、印度、英國和德國）發現了進化枝I 輸入病例。而2024年11月，美國也報道了進化枝 I 輸入病例。目前這些國家未有進化枝 I 本地報告個案。

猴痘疫苗已被批准在香港、英國、丹麥、法國、加拿大、美國等地方使用。要有效預防猴痘病毒感染及控制猴痘疫情，建議較高風險人士接種疫苗。

地圖資料源自世界衞生組織 (WHO) 。