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Dengue from the tropics and subtropics 熱帶及亞熱帶地區的登革熱

(added on 2023/08/31)

© 2023 SpatioEpi.com
Data source: World Health Organization
Map created by CUHK SpatioEpi Group

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Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease which is transmitted to humans through bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes. Due to the worsening global warming, the number of dengue fever cases has increased each year, in parallel with the rising mosquito burden. Hong Kong does not have extensive growth of dengue epidemic and most cases are imported. The bar chart shows an increasing trend of the number of dengue fever cases in Hong Kong from 2003 to 2019.

From January to August 2023, countries in tropical and sub-tropical area have been the most affected (coloured in orange and red on the map), such as Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Philippines. As of 10 August 2023, a total of 25 imported cases of dengue fever from 8 countries (marked by mosquito logos on the map) have been recorded in Hong Kong.

Taking preventive measures is important to avoid local outbreak. At the household level, eliminating mosquito breeding sites could prevent the spread of dengue. When travelling to dengue high-risk areas, protect yourself from mosquito bites by using mosquito repellents and wearing long-sleeves protective clothing would be beneficial.

Data were from World Health Organization (WHO), Centre for Health Protection of Department of Health, Hong Kong, and media reports.

登革熱是一種透過蚊子傳染的疾病,被受感染的伊蚊叮咬過的人會被傳染。由於全球暖化日漸惡化,登革熱個案數隨著蚊患惡化而正在逐年增加。香港並非登革熱廣泛流行的地區,主要以輸入個案為主。長條圖顯示由2003年至2019年期間,香港的登革熱個案宗數呈持續上升的趨勢。

地圖中可見,自2023年1月至同年8月,位於熱帶地區及亞熱帶地區的國家所受影響最爲嚴重 (地圖上以橙色及紅色標示),例如孟加拉、斯里蘭卡和菲律賓。截至2023年8月10日,香港共錄得25宗登革熱個案,分別從8個國家輸入 (以蚊子圖案標示)。

要預防登革熱在本地爆發,就要做好防蚊措施。在生活環境中,消滅有利蚊蟲滋生的地方可以防止登革熱的傳播。前往登革熱高風險地區時,亦要使用蚊怕水及穿長袖衣服以預防受到蚊蟲叮咬。

資料源自世界衞生組織(WHO)、香港衞生署衞生防護中心及媒體報道。

Related Article

Dengue 登革熱

What is Dengue? 什麼是登革熱?

  • Dengue is an acute infection caused by the dengue virus Flavivirus. Clinically it can manifest as dengue fever or dengue haemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF).
  • 登革熱病是由登革熱病毒引致的急性傳染病,患者的臨床情況可分為登革熱及登革出血熱。
  • Oviposition trap (Ovitrap) index is a marker for assessing mosquito growth using a simple device placed in the outdoor environment. This in turn supports the evaluation of dengue risk in the human population.
  • 誘蚊指數是以簡單儀器放置戶外,藉以評估伊蚊生長的況,所得指標,用以反映人群感染登革熱的危機。

How does it spread? 如何傳播?

  • Dengue is spread through the bite of several species of the Aedes mosquito which carries the dengue virus. In Hong Kong and Macao, the responsible vector is Aedes Albopictus. Aedes aegypti is the most important vector worldwide. Both types of mosquitoes are found in Taiwan.
  • 登革熱是經被帶有病毒的伊蚊叮後而傳播的傳染病。在香港,白紋伊蚊是常見的傳播媒介,而全球最重要的則是埃及伊蚊。台灣是兩種伊蚊並存。

Vaccine? Prevention? 如何預防?

  • Currently there is no promising vaccine to protect from dengue virus. The best measure is to minimise the breeding grounds of the Aedes mosquitoes by for example sealing up puddles of stagnant water, and avoiding mosquito bites.
  • 目前仍未有有效防登革熱病毒感染的疫苗。預防措施的重點首是減少伊蚊繁殖的地方,包括清除積水防止蚊子滋生,以及避免被蚊子叮咬。

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