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Uninvited virus 不速之客

(added on 2014/07/10)

©2014 SpatioEpi.com
Data source: CHP and published scientific literature
Map created by CUHK SpatioEpi Group

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Dengue is one of the vector-borne viral infections commonly found in the tropics. As a city located in sub-tropical region, Hong Kong rarely has locally acquired dengue cases. However, Hong Kong is not free from risk of dengue outbreaks because of the presence of the vector, Aedes albopictus, and continuous dengue transmission in neighbouring countries.

The map shows the risk of dengue transmission in Southeast Asia and the origins of imported dengue cases in Hong Kong. As depicted by graduated colours, dengue is prevalent in most Southeast Asian countries. Since 2011, there have been 203 imported cases in Hong Kong, almost all of which were imported from Southeast Asia. The mosquito symbols indicate that the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia are the major sites of infection of dengue cases imported into Hong Kong. All cases had travel history in dengue endemic countries during incubation period, which explains why reported numbers peaked during summer vacation in August.

Data for the map were obtained from reports of Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong and published scientific literature.

登革熱是一種常見於熱帶地區的傳病媒介疾病,而處於亞熱帶地區的香港,登革熱本地感染個案並不普遍。不過,由於本港常見的白紋伊蚊能傳播登革熱,加上登革熱活躍於鄰近國家,本港也有爆發登革熱的風險。

地圖反映東南亞的登革熱傳播風險及顯示本港經外地傳入登革熱個案的來源地。依圖中顏色所示,大部分東南亞國家都受登革熱的威脅。自2011年起計,香港已有203宗外地傳入個案,當中絕大部分都是從東南亞傳入本港。依圖中蚊子圖案所示,菲律賓、泰國及印尼是三個最主要的外地傳入病例的源頭地方。所有個案都曾於潛伏期內到訪流行登革熱的國家,因此八月份的暑假是外地傳入登革熱個案的高峰期。

地圖資料源自香港衛生署衛生防護中心及已刊載文獻。

Related Article

Dengue 登革熱

What is Dengue? 什麼是登革熱?

  • Dengue is an acute infection caused by the dengue virus Flavivirus. Clinically it can manifest as dengue fever or dengue haemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF).
  • 登革熱病是由登革熱病毒引致的急性傳染病,患者的臨床情況可分為登革熱及登革出血熱。
  • Oviposition trap (Ovitrap) index is a marker for assessing mosquito growth using a simple device placed in the outdoor environment. This in turn supports the evaluation of dengue risk in the human population.
  • 誘蚊指數是以簡單儀器放置戶外,藉以評估伊蚊生長的況,所得指標,用以反映人群感染登革熱的危機。

How does it spread? 如何傳播?

  • Dengue is spread through the bite of several species of the Aedes mosquito which carries the dengue virus. In Hong Kong and Macao, the responsible vector is Aedes Albopictus. Aedes aegypti is the most important vector worldwide. Both types of mosquitoes are found in Taiwan.
  • 登革熱是經被帶有病毒的伊蚊叮後而傳播的傳染病。在香港,白紋伊蚊是常見的傳播媒介,而全球最重要的則是埃及伊蚊。台灣是兩種伊蚊並存。

Vaccine? Prevention? 如何預防?

  • Currently there is no promising vaccine to protect from dengue virus. The best measure is to minimise the breeding grounds of the Aedes mosquitoes by for example sealing up puddles of stagnant water, and avoiding mosquito bites.
  • 目前仍未有有效防登革熱病毒感染的疫苗。預防措施的重點首是減少伊蚊繁殖的地方,包括清除積水防止蚊子滋生,以及避免被蚊子叮咬。

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